Last one i think if not i will post the last one this is confusing
2 answers:
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I suppose you mean
Recall that
which converges everywhere. Then by substitution,
which also converges everywhere (and we can confirm this via the ratio test, for instance).
a. Differentiating the Taylor series gives
(starting at because the summand is 0 when
)
b. Naturally, the differentiated series represents
To see this, recalling the series for , we know
Multiplying by gives
and from here,
c. This series also converges everywhere. By the ratio test, the series converges if
The limit is 0, so any choice of satisfies the convergence condition.