E. Credit Card Accountability, Responsibility and Disclosure Act
Answer:
Constitutionalism is a political movement and philosophy that states that the ruling power is bound to respect certain rights of its subjects. According to modern constitutionalism, the form of government must be based on a constitution.
Constitutionalism includes both the empowerment and the limitation of power, both granting power and specifying its scope and purpose. Constitutionalism is considered to promote the principles of the rule of law, the principle of predictability, and to prevent arbitrary administration of justice. According to constitutionalism, laws and judgments in countries with common law can be declared invalid because they are contrary to the constitution if it is done in accordance with the principle of transparency, usually by a constitutional court or a court with similar jurisdiction.
On February 24, 1969, the Supreme Court ruled in Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District that students at school retain their First Amendment right to free speech. The story of this landmark case begins four years prior, during the early wave of protests against the Vietnam War.
