How you gonna answer it without us knowing what we are reading
Answer:
Geropsychology
Explanation:
The second half of the twentieth century witnessed the emergence of the scientific study of aging for many medical as well as social science disciplines. Psychological research on cognition, emotions, and psychopathology in later life gained momentum in the 1950s and 1960s, first through cross-sectional studies and eventually progressing to longitudinal and sequential research paradigms. In the 1970s and 1980s, practice and training in clinical geropsychology took root, with the application of the science of the psychology of aging to improving the lives of older adults, their families, and the communities wherein they reside.
Answer:
It is time-consuming.
Explanation:
What differentiate pretest-posttest design with other research method is the number of measurement that the researchers have to take throughout the study.
In this type of study, researchers will have to conducting a pre-test before the actual treatment in order to obtain some sort of preset to predict the outcome of the study and another test after the actual treatment to ensure that the measurement is correct. This will make the time needed to finish the whole study become significantly higher compared to other methods.