Bacterial responses to antibiotics are concentration-dependent. At high concentrations, antibiotics exhibit antimicrobial activities on susceptible cells, while subinhibitory concentrations induce diverse biological responses in bacteria.
Answer:
Antibodies
Explanation:
Bordetella pertussis is an obligate human pathogen and is the etiological agent of whooping cough. It is known to be an opportunistic organism.
The pathogenic mechanism of Bordetella pertussis is also known as virulence factor. These virulence factors are known to include adhesins such as filamentous haemagglutinin, fimbriae and pertactin, which allow B. pertussis to bind to ciliated epithelial cells in the upper respiratory tract.
It is known to be the agent of whooping cough, a highly contagious respiratory disease, dramatic for infants and also for elderly and pregnant women.
In this case, the antibodies will be the response that is uniquely directed against the organism. It is said earlier that this organism is an opportunistic one, this means that it causes infection when the immunity is down. So, when the immunity is empowered , it will definitely fight against the organism
We first have to understand what a vascular system is. A vascular system consists of the water-carrying tube(xylem) and food-carrying tube(phloem). These 2 tubes are very essential for plants to survive. The xylem transports water to the leaves thru the stem to nourish the leaves so as to make food. The word equation is : Water + Carbon dioxide ----> Glucose + Oxygen. The phloem on the other hand transports the food from the leaves that creates them amd sent them to all parts of the plant. It is often a misconception that food is only sent to the fruits. The plant receives nutrition from the food that is made by the leaves. Overall the vascular system plays a very importamt roles in the survival of the plant.
To put it simple, think of the vascular system of a plant like the circulatory system of a human. Without the circulatory system, the human is unable to receive oxygen for breathing and remove carbon dioxide which is acidic in nature and pose a threat to the human body.
Nature is genes. Nurture is how someone or something is grown/ raised. Scientists believe both are important, so they do not choose one over the other.
I hope this helps.
