So a right is something that you legally have/obtain, while a responsibility is duty to care something out
Since the Muslims were the once attached (by the Christians) their action was mostly to respond and defend themselves; rather than undertake other initiatives.
The Crusades have caused the Muslims to unite more, but generally their reaction was very weak and not long-lasting.
Cognitive dissonance, is a term used in psychology that explains the feeling of discomfort by a person who is facing two situations that contradict each other.
An example used to explain it, is the story of the fox who very much wants to eat a bunch of grapes that is in a very high place. As the Fox can not find a way to reach it, she gives up using the excuse that the grapes are green and bitter.
To alleviate cognitive dissonance, one can:
1- Change the behavior to relieve the situation of discomfort.
2- Try to justify the discomfort with new ideas
3- Justify the discomfort.
The Kennedy family had close ties with the mafia as a result of prohibition and the Kennedy families liquor import and distribution business based out of the Merchandise Mart in Chicago, which they owned.
Accusations of mafia-related corrupted in the 1960 election and mafia involvement in the assassination of John Kennedy have long been touted but what is definitively known is that Joseph Kennedy, the Patriarch of the Kennedy family, was an active bootlegger and used the mafia towards that end.
The expressed powers are powers which are explicitly mentioned (typically in the constitution) and the implied powers are generally the powers that are needed to fulfill the obligations or to use the expressed powers, but which are not explicitly mentioned anywhere. Therefore the correct answer is:
b. implied powers are generally agreed upon and express powers are written in the Constitution
