A large body size is advantageous for horses, so horses became larger and larger throughout their evolutionary history. this is an example of Directional selection
The domesticated horse is a hoofed, one-toed mammal. It is one of the two existing subspecies of Equus ferus and a member of the taxonomic family Equidae. Eohippus, a small animal with several toes, was the ancestor of the horse, which developed over the course of the last 45 to 55 million years to become the huge animal it is today. Horse domestication is said to have started approximately 4000 BC and expanded significantly by 3000 BC. The caballus subspecies of horses are domesticated, yet certain populations of domesticated horses roam freely as wild horses. Since this term is only used to refer to horses that have never been tamed, these feral populations are not actually wild horses.
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Spheres of influence would be referring to the influence that a superpower has on countries under its sphere. In the 1900s, China was under the influence of the British. Under the rule of the British, the British set rules for what the Chinese were allowed to trade and produce. They also were the ones who set rules as to who can trade with China. This is one of the reasons that lead to the Opium war. Western imperialism was rampant during that time and Britain was one of the superpowers.
habituationHabituation is a mental learning process in infants wherein repeated exposure to a stimulus results in a decreased response to it. In this example, after Melanie presented the infants with the same red light repeatedly, they became "habituated" or familiar with it, after which they lost interest in observing it. Melanie then proceeds to investigate if the infants instead turn their attention to a different colored light (a new stimulus).
Some researchers claim that more innocent individuals have been wrongly convicted due to inaccuracy of eyewitness testimony is common than all other causes combined.
- Eyewitness testimony is a word used in law. It alludes to a description provided by individuals about an occasion they were present for. For instance, they can be asked to describe a crime or a car accident they saw during a trial. This includes information about the crime scene, the offenders' identities, etc.
- Studies have indicated that roughly half of all wrongful convictions are caused by false eyewitness testimony. When Ohio State University researchers looked at hundreds of false convictions, they found that about 52 percent of the errors were due to inaccuracies made by eyewitnesses.
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C Self-determination ;Freedom of the people of a given area to determine their own political status
