The cranial nerves are a set of 12 paired nerves that arise directly from the brain. The first two nerves (olfactory and optic) arise from the cerebrum, whereas the remaining ten emerge from the brain stem.
The names of the cranial nerves relate to their function and they are also numerically identified in roman numerals (I-XII).
In this article, we shall summarise the anatomy of the cranial nerves.
Answer:
a. activation of the sympathetic autonomic nervous system by the new experience.
Explanation:
The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system generates a flight or fight response. This is a series of physiological processes that start when a person has any stress, new experience or emergency conditions such as the first diving trip. One such response produced by activated sympathetic division is increased heart rate to pump more blood and deliver more oxygen to body cells and tissues. Also, the person experiences an increased breathing rate to compensate for the increased oxygen demand.
Heart rate is controlled by the two branches of the autonomic (involuntary) nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) releases the hormones (catecholamines - epinephrine and norepinephrine) to accelerate the heart rate.
The correct answer is D) A large central vacuole. Hope this helps.
