On the eve of the american invasion of the japanese held island of iwo jima, the mood of the japanese defender of the island, they knew they were on their own. but they were determined to fight as well and as long they could before the inevitable end. thank you for your quesstion.
I believe that is Vertical Integration.
The Mongols were very tolerant towards foreign culture. In fact there weren’t an centralized culture/religion because the empire was so diverse. Thus, the answer is the second one- The Mongols supported and spread different arts and cultures throughout the empire.
Hope this helps!
It was a tradition economy.