Proteostasis is mediated by chaperone proteins and protease systems, together with cellular clearance mechanisms such as autophagy and lysosomal degradation.
Chaperone proteins control assembly and inaccurate folding by binding to and stabilizing partly or completely unfolded protein polypeptides till the polypeptide chain is completely synthesized. Chaperone proteins also confirm the stability of unfolded polypeptide chains as they are being translocated into the subcellular organelles.
To learn more about Chaperone proteins here
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The each chromosome makes the copy of itself before the M Phase in mitosis because the resultant daughter cell the chromosomes is genetically identical.
<u>Explanation:</u>
The parent cell in the chromosomes make the copy before mitosis. The copy is occurred during the S phase of inter phase. During the mitotic M phase, the cell divides the copied DNA and cytoplasm to make two new cells.
M phase involves two distinct related processes which is mitosis and cytokineses ;the cell growth steps into the new stage and cellular energy is developed on the division in the phase
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The correct answer is - limestone.
On the image, it seems that we have a representation of rock formations in a cave. They are evidently weathering. According to the manifestation of the weathering, the color of the rocks, and that it is most probably a cave, the chances are mostly likely that it is a limestone.
The weathering appears as a result of the water. The limestone is a sedimentary type of rock, thus it doesn't have strong structure. The water is able to gradually penetrate through it, making holes in it, and little by little weather it. In this way we have the formation of the water reservoirs, springs, cave systems.
Answer:
c and d
Explanation:
<u>A species of an organism with cell wall that lacks peptidoglycan is definitely not a bacterium because bacterial cell walls usually have peptidoglycan.</u>
One particular group of organisms whose cells have cell walls but lack peptidoglycan is Archaea.
<em>Archaea represents a group of prokaryotes that are able to survive in extreme conditions such as high temperature, pressure and salinity. As such, they could inhabit hydrothermal springs as well as alkaline hot springs.</em>
Hence, thermoacidophile <em>Sulfolobus acidocaldarius </em>is likely to be an Archaea and could inhabit both hydrothermal springs and alkaline hot springs.
The correct option is option c and d.
