There are many conservation issues, desertification, erosion, ecocide, coral reefs, biodiversity threats and losses defaunation etc.
<span>#1) With reference to the role of oncogenes, explain how the normal controls over the cell cycle can be lost.
Answer: The way that cell cycle can be lost is by going through changes in the activity of cell cycle regulators. Cancer causes different types of mutations. There are two types of cell cycle regulators that can promote the development of cancer:
-Positive Regulators that can be over activated (become oncogenic).
-Negative Regulators (tumor suppressors) which can be inactivated.
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Every person has two copies of each gene, one inherited from each parent. Most genes are the same in all people, but a small number of genes (less than 1 percent of the total) are slightly different between people. Alleles are forms of the same gene with small differences in their sequence of DNA bases. These small differences contribute to each person’s unique physical features.
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The answer is a hair root.
Nuclear DNA is commonly extracted from the hair root. The hair root consists of keratinocytes. Keratinocytes are cells found in the epidermis. As all other cells, they contain DNA material. When keratynocites die, they get converted into keratoid material in the process of cornification. As a consequence, d<span>ead cells do not contain DNA material. Therefore, the hair root is the best source of nuclear DNA than shed or cut hair when working with hair sample.</span>