Answer:
Both organisms benefit in cooperation and competition, but only one benefits in predation.
Answer:
Human genome has various replicons.
Explanation:
A replicon which is a unit of DNA, has potential to get replicated independently. So, the DNA replication occurs simultaneously at various replicons as a result of which human genome takes much less time than estimated to get replicated .
In contrast to this, prokaryotes like E.coli have only one origin of replication and thus one replicon due to which replication is restricted to once per cell cycle.
By hydrolysis with an enzyme called hydrolases
I believe that an adjuvant is a chemical addictive that increases the effectiveness of vaccines. It is a pharmacological or immunological agent that modifies the effect of other agents. It may be added to a vaccine to modify the immune response by boosting it such as to give a higher amount of antibodies and a longer lasting protection, and hence minimizing the amount of the foreign material or vaccine injected.
