Christianity/catholicity is probably the most common.
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It is an attempt to influence society to accept a dissenting point of view. Although it usually uses tactics of nonviolence, it is more than mere passive resistance since it often takes active forms such as illegal street demonstrations or peaceful occupations of premises. The classic treatise on this topic is Henry David Thoreau's "On the Duty of Civil Disobedience," which states that when a person's conscience and the laws clash, that person must follow his or her conscience. The stress on personal conscience and on the need to act now rather than to wait for legal change are recurring elements in civil disobedience movements. The U.S. Bill of Rights asserts that the authority of a government is derived from the consent of the governed, and whenever any form of government becomes destructive, it is the right and duty of the people to alter or abolish it.
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It was the quest for westward expansion. The Manifest Destiny called for the US to fulfill the divine mission to expand and dominate the whole continent. After the independence, the US moved westward step by step: the Louisiana Purchase, Texas, the Mexican-American War. This last event allowed the US to increase its territory, incorporate California and reach the shores of the Pacific Ocean.
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