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Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). ... Together, the transcription factors and RNA polymerase form a complex called the transcription initiation complex.
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<u>cardic muscles:</u> are present only in the heart .single cell is not very strong by itself, millions of cardiac muscle cells working together are easily able to pump all of the blood in the body through the heart in less than a minute. Cardiac muscle cells have a branched shape so that each cell is in contact with three of four other cardiac muscle cells.
<u>characteristics of cardic muscles: </u> one nucleus ,striated, involuntary, branched and joined to one another by intercalated discs that contain gap junctions for depolarization between cells and hold the fibers together when the heart contracts.
Natural selection<span> is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations.</span>
The order in which the amino-acids are placed within the polypeptide determines the tertiary structure and therefore the function of the given protein. Amino acids have different functional groups like methyl(CH3), phenyl(C6H5). Those functional groups can interact with molecules like glucose determining reactions, the proteins that catalyze reactions are called enzymes. Other functional groups of amino acids can be the sulfate groups. For example, insulin has 2 polypeptide chains(Chain A has 21 amino acids, and chain B, 30). Between the two polypeptide chains, 2 disulfide bonds form altering its shape.
