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vagabundo [1.1K]
2 years ago
5

a- If an Lithium (atomic number 3) atom has a -2 charge, how many electrons does it have? b- Why do you do it this way? c- Is th

is an anion or a cation? d- Why? (4 points)
Chemistry
1 answer:
Darina [25.2K]2 years ago
6 0

Answer:

5

Explanation:

A lithium atom with an atomic number of 3 and a charge of -2 will have a total number of electrons.

The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom. For a neutral atom that has not gained or lost electrons, the atomic number is the same as the number of electrons.

   neutral atom: atomic number of electrons

For neutral atom of lithium, we will have 3 electrons

Now, lithium with a charge of -2 has gained two more electrons to the original 3 this now makes it 5.

ii.

It is an anion because it is negatively charged.

Negatively charged particles are called anion.

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It's a spontaneous reaction for some nucleus.

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Al-26 +e- --> Mg-26 + ve

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In Part III, the phenolphthalein indicator is used to monitor the equilibrium shifts of the ammonia/ammonium ion system. The phe
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The pink color in the solution fades. Some of the colored indicator ion converts to the colorless indicator molecule.

<h3>Explanation</h3>

What's the initial color of the solution?

\text{NH}_4\text{Cl} is a salt soluble in water. \text{NH}_4\text{Cl} dissociates into ions completely when dissolved.

\text{NH}_4\text{Cl} \; (aq)\to {\text{NH}_4}^{+} \; (aq) +{\text{Cl}}^{-} \; (aq).

The first test tube used to contain \text{NH}_4\text{OH}. \text{NH}_4\text{OH} is a weak base that dissociates partially in water.

\text{NH}_4\text{OH} \; (aq) \rightleftharpoons {\text{NH}_4}^{+}  \;(aq)+ {\text{OH}}^{-} \; (aq).

There's also an equilibrium between \text{OH}^{-} and {\text{H}_3\text{O}}^{+} ions.

{\text{OH}}^{-}\;(aq) + {\text{H}_3\text{O}}^{+} \;(aq) \to 2\; \text{H}_2\text{O} \;(l).

\text{OH}^{-} ions from \text{NH}_4\text{OH} will shift the equilibrium between \text{OH}^{-} and {\text{H}_3\text{O}}^{+} to the right and reduce the amount of {\text{H}_3\text{O}}^{+} in the solution.

The indicator equilibrium will shift to the right to produce more {\text{H}_3\text{O}}^{+} ions along with the colored indicator ions. The solution will show a pink color.

What's the color of the solution after adding NH₄Cl?

Adding \text{NH}_4\text{Cl} will add to the concentration of {\text{NH}_4}^{+} ions in the solution. Some of the {\text{NH}_4}^{+} ions will combine with \text{OH}^{-} ions to produce \text{NH}_4\text{OH}.

The equilibrium between  \text{OH}^{-} and {\text{H}_3\text{O}}^{+} ions will shift to the left to produce more of both ions.

{\text{OH}}^{-}\;(aq) + {\text{H}_3\text{O}}^{+} \;(aq) \to 2\; \text{H}_2\text{O} \;(l)

The indicator equilibrium will shift to the left as the concentration of {\text{H}_3\text{O}}^{+} increases. There will be less colored ions and more colorless molecules in the test tube. The pink color will fade.

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3 years ago
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