Answer: B the ends of linear chromosomes.
Explanation:
Based on structure, telomeres are located at the end of chromosomes; they are protective caps that bind the genes at the end of the chromosomes in order to prevent it from interchromosomal fusion (clumping) and degradation (broken down). Simply, they serve the same role as plastic caps to the tip of shoe laces; preventing it from unraveling.
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Generally, telomeres becomes short in length with time. At this stage they become weaken, and breaks down. The affected the cells basic replication activites, and therefore the functions. These non-functioning cells accumulated in body organs, and made them to degenerate .This reduced longevity, leading to death of cells. However the shortening of the length is an advantage to prevent the spread of cancer in cells because I naturally stops the uncontrivable growth of cells
Therefore the longer the length of telomeres at the genome end of chromosomes, the higher the rate of replication of the concerned cells, and hence the increase in the age of the cell
Answer:
Pyruvate take place after the process of glycolysis.
Explanation:
Pyruvate as intermediate take place in the process of photosynthesis after glycolysis process. One glucose molecule is converted into two molecules of pyruvate. This pyruvate molecule then converted into acetyl CoA, which is a two-carbon molecule. A molecule of coenzyme A is a very important reactant for this reaction, which produces a molecule of carbon dioxide and reduces a NAD+ to NADH.
Answer:
In general, your body fights disease by keeping things out of your body that are foreign. Your primary defense against pathogenic germs are physical barriers like your skin. You also produce pathogen-destroying chemicals, like lysozyme, found on parts of your body without skin, including your tears and mucus membranes. In response to infection, your immune system springs into action. White blood cells, antibodies, and other mechanisms go to work to rid your body of the foreign invader. The immune system has a vital role: It protects your body from harmful substances, germs and cell changes that could make you ill. It is made up of various organs, cells and proteins.
Once infected cells have sensed an invading pathogen, they secrete molecules called cytokines and chemokines. These cells are then primed to resist an infection with the invading virus. Cytokines such as interferons activate anti-viral genes in the infected and neighbouring cells.
Microorganisms capable of causing disease—or pathogens—usually enter our bodies through the eyes, mouth, nose, or urogenital openings, or through wounds or bites that breach the skin barrier. Organisms can spread, or be transmitted, by several routes.
The second line of defense is nonspecific resistance that destroys invaders in a generalized way without targeting specific individuals: Phagocytic cells ingest and destroy all microbes that pass into body tissues. For example macrophages are cells derived from monocytes (a type of white blood cell).
If pathogens do manage to enter the body, the body's second line of defense attacks them. The second line of defense includes inflammation, phagocytosis, and fever.
D. diversity of the resources in the habitat.
Explanation:
The deforestation brings in lot of problem, much more than it brings in benefits for the humans on the long run. Once a forest is totally destroyed, the habitat suddenly loses the majority of its resources, especially for the organisms that are consumers. The soil too gets rapidly degraded, so the majority of the producers too find it very hard and takes them long time to reestablish themselves.
Having the diversity of resources dwindle, the organisms suffer badly. All living creates need resources in order to survive, so once they don't have them they die out. This unfortunately happens all over the world, with the tropical rainforest habitats being the most endangered, especially in the Amazon, Congo, and Southeast Asia.
The uniformitarianism states that the forces that are changing Earth's surface today are the same forces that changed Earth's surface in the past which is because of the presence of the same types of agents being present.
<h3 /><h3>What is Uniformitarianism?</h3>
This type of doctrine which was founded by James Hutton and made popular by Charles Lyell in the 19th century talks about how the earth's geologic processes are the same as a result of the agents of weathering being the same in this type of scenario.
Weathering on the other hand can be defined as the process in which rocks are broken down into smaller particles to form different types of soil. The agents of weathering has been the same today and in the past which makes it constant.
Hence, the reason why Uniformitarianism was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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