In gram positive bacteria have a peptidoglycan layer outside of the cell wall. Gram negative bacteria have peptidoglycan between membranes.
The natural penicillin have activity against non beta lactamase producing gram - positive cocci, which includes such as - viridans streptococci, anaerobic streptococcus. Penicillin work indirectly bursting bacteria cell walls. It kills bacteria through binding of that betalactum ring.
Gram positive bacteria have a much thicker layer of peptidoglycan and lack of the protection of an outer membrane. This class , penicillin was first antibiotic to be used widely and prevents the final cross linking step. There are some more classes of penicillin like- natural , penicillin-stable, aminopenicillins and extended-spectrum penicillin.
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Answer:
Ocean currents bring nutrient-rich water into coastal regions.
Explanation:
About 70 percent of our planet is covered by water. The earth has been declared a "blue planet" because it looks blue from space. About 96 percent of this water is the sea or salt water, made up of the ocean that covers the Earth.
Within these oceans, there are many different types of habitats or environments inhabited by plants and animals, from the freezing of polar ice to tropical coral reefs. Most marine life is found in coastal habitats.
Answer: The transcription and translation process allows trna and rrna molecules to be used to synthesize wide variety of polypeptides.
Explanation:
DNA molecule is made up of information for coding proteins. This information is passed on the mRNA during a process known as transcription. Transcription is the first of many steps of DNA based gene expression in which a part of the segment of DNA is copied into RNA (especially mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
Both DNA and RNA are nucleic acids, which use base pairs of nucleotides as a complementary language. During the process of transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which gives a complementary, antiparallel RNA strand referred to as a primary transcript.
A large diversity among genes is followed by a large amount of various mRNA molecules. However, the ribosomes consist of rRNA, which is included in the process of translation. Translation is the process whereby ribosomes in the cytoplasm or ER synthesize proteins after the process of transcription of DNA to RNA in the cell's nucleus. The overall process is called gene expression.
The smallest of the three types of RNA is tRNA, which has only 75 to 95 nucleotides and has a role in bringing particular amino acids to the growing polypeptide. It can be concluded that mRNA contribute to the diversity of polypeptide molecules due to the fact that it carries an information about their synthesis.
Answer:
The correct answer will be option-
1. UV light strikes the skin and converts a steroid molecule into an inactive form of vitamin D.
2. Inactive vitamin D is transported to the liver where it is modified.
3. Vitamin D is activated under the influence of PTH.
4. Inactive, chemically altered vitamin D is transported to the kidneys.
Explanation:
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble metabolite which helps maintain the health of the bone by maintaining the calcium homeostasis.
The vitamin D is synthesized mainly in the liver and kidney from the biologically inactive precursor of vitamin D called ergocalciferol and Cholecalciferol.
The inactive vitamin is synthesized in the skin when the skin is exposed to UV rays. The UV rays convert the 7-dehydrocholesterol, a steroid molecule to Vitamin D3, This inactive vitamin is then transported to the liver where it is converted to 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
This vitamin D form is further metabolized in the kidney controlled and regulated by the Parathyroid glands.
