In photosynthesis, the movement of protons from the stroma to the thylakoid lumen is proton gradient and is coupled to<u> transfer of </u><u>protons</u>.
Protons are transported across the thylakoid membrane and into the lumen through the electron transport chain (the space inside the thylakoid disk). Protons are simultaneously removed from the stroma by reduction of NADPH and added to the lumen via water splitting (the space outside the thylakoids). Protons are pumped from the stroma to the thylakoid lumen as a result of the electron passing through the first link in the electron transport chain. A fourth protein complex in the thylakoid membrane, ATP synthase, then uses the energy stored in this proton gradient to produce ATP. This protein complex, like the mitochondrial enzyme, links proton flow back across the membrane to the creation of ATP.
Learn more about thylakoid
brainly.com/question/11500875
#SPJ4
Answer:
because of how much water is in the ocean
Explanation:
there is so much water in the ocean, and 100 degres isnt quite boiling point. and the ocean is so big that even if there was one part of the world where it got hot enough boil and possably evaporate, the colder parts of the world still wouldnt.
Hey there,
It is the chloroplasts.
Hope this helps :))
~Top
If you use chemicals to kill insects, you could risk getting the chemicals in unwanted areas. This could kill plants, animals, and other living things. You could also contaminate water if the chemicals get rinsed/drained into a water source.
<span>the bones of fibrous joints are joined by fibrous tissue, such as the sutures in the skull or the pelvis. Fibrous joints allow no movement at all. he bones of synovial joints meet in a joint capsule, such as the knee joint where the femur and tibia meet. These joints are the most common and most moveable joints in the human body</span>
