Electronegativity is the strength an atom has to attract a bonding pair of electrons to itself. When a chlorine atom covalently bonds to another chlorine atom, the shared electron pair is shared equally. The electron density that comprises the covalent bond is located halfway between the two atoms.
But what happens when the two atoms involved in a bond aren’t the same? The two positively charged nuclei have different attractive forces; they “pull” on the electron pair to different degrees. The end result is that the electron pair is shifted toward one atom.
ATTRACTING ELECTRONS: ELECTRONEGATIVITIES
The larger the value of the electronegativity, the greater the atom’s strength to attract a bonding pair of electrons. The following figure shows the electronegativity values of the various elements below each element symbol on the periodic table. With a few exceptions, the electronegativities increase, from left to right, in a period, and decrease, from top to bottom, in a family.
Electronegativities give information about what will happen to the bonding pair of electrons when two atoms bond. A bond in which the electron pair is equally shared is called a nonpolar covalent bond. You have a nonpolar covalent bond anytime the two atoms involved in the bond are the same or anytime the difference in the electronegativities of the atoms involved in the bond is very small.

Now consider hydrogen chloride (HCl). Hydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.1, and chlorine has an electronegativity of 3.0. The electron pair that is bonding HCl together shifts toward the chlorine atom because it has a larger electronegativity value.
A bond in which the electron pair is shifted toward one atom is called a polar covalent bond. The atom that more strongly attracts the bonding electron pair is slightly more negative, while the other atom is slightly more positive. The larger the difference in the electronegativities, the more negative and positive the atoms become.
Now look at a case in which the two atoms have extremely different electronegativities — sodium chloride (NaCl). Sodium chloride is ionically bonded. An electron has transferred from sodium to chlorine. Sodium has an electronegativity of 1.0, and chlorine has an electronegativity of 3.0.
That’s an electronegativity difference of 2.0 (3.0 – 1.0), making the bond between the two atoms very, very polar. In fact, the electronegativity difference provides another way of predicting the kind of bond that will form between two elements, as indicated in the following table.
Electronegativity DifferenceType of Bond Formed0.0 to 0.2nonpolar covalent0.3 to 1.4polar covalent> 1.5ionic
The presence of a polar covalent bond in a molecule can
Divide
2.22x10^-3 would be the answer to the question
please mark as brainliest answer
Among the choices, the only one that can be considered a carnivore is C. Adelie penguin. Adelie penguins are found in the Arctic, and feed on aquatic creatures such as krill, fish, and squid. Krill is a type of crustacean that feeds on phytoplankton, which is at the bottom of the food chain.
Answer:- The natural abundance of
is 0.478 or 47.8% and
is 0.522 or 52.2% .
Solution:- Average atomic mass of an element is calculated from the atomic masses of it's isotopes and their abundances using the formula:
Average atomic mass = mass of first isotope(abundance) + mass of second isotope(abundance)
We have been given with atomic masses for
and
as 150.919860 and 152.921243 amu, respectively. Average atomic mass of Eu is 151.964 amu.
Sum of natural abundances of isotopes of an element is always 1. If we assume the abundance of
as n then the abundance of
would be 1-n .
Let's plug in the values in the formula:

151.964=150.919860n+152.921243-152.921243n
on keeping similar terms on same side:


negative sign is on both sides so it is canceled:



The abundance of
is 0.478 which is 47.8%.
The abundance of
is = 
= 0.522 which is 52.2%
Hence, the natural abundance of
is 0.478 or 47.8% and
is 0.522 or 52.2% .
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