The ways that presidents have <span>perfected the art of what social scientist samuel kernell calls “going public" are:
- Special televised messages
</span>- holding town meeting (to hear problems directly from the people)
- interviews and press conferences with the media (to give broader information for the public)
<span>-annual State of the Union address</span>
Answer:
When the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, all the Soviet Republics bordering Eastern Europe declared independence from Russia and united with the rest of Europe.
Explanation:
I believe the answer is: <span>through human interest stories in the media
The media could adjust the way they provide information to appeal only to a certain group of people.
When these people learnt that a certain candidate is being praised for his/her character by the media, that chance that the candidate would be chosen would be increased dramatically.</span><span />
Answer:
b. It is effective in dealing with problems as they arise.
Explanation:
The bottom-up approach has become well known thanks to quality improvement teams, local action groups, empowerment and performance initiatives, etc. In addition to schemes for proposals and other mechanisms that generate ideas, this approach almost always means working in teams.
The bottom-up approach is usually needed in the following cases:
- it is not clear how to solve the problem(s), so people who are directly affected by the problem(s) should be involved in the process of developing possible solutions;
- some problems are perceived differently 'in the field,' so there are various potential ways to solve them, and because of this, the top-down approach becomes unacceptable.
This approach connects a wide range of skills and knowledge and promotes employee ownership/responsibility.
Suitable for long-term / medium-term changes
Suitable for gradual changes.
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