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Andrei [34K]
2 years ago
11

Cylinder A and Cylinder B are sealed, rigid cylinders with movable pistons. Each cylinder contains 500. milliliters of a gas sam

ple at 101.3 kPa and 298 K. Cylinder A contains H2 and cylinder B contains N2. Explain, in terms of collisions between gas molecules and the walls of the container, why pushing the movable piston farther into cylinder B at constant temperature would increase the pressure of the N2 gas.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Romashka-Z-Leto [24]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The pressure of N₂ gas in cylinder B when compressed at constant temperature increases due to the increase in the frequency of collision between the gas molecules with themselves and with the wall of their container caused by a decrease in volume of the container.

Explanation:

Gas helps to explain the behavior of gases when one or more of either temperature, volume or pressure is varying while the other variables are kept constant.

In the gas cylinder B, the temperature of the given mass of gas is kept constant, however, the volume is decreased by pushing the movable piston farther into the cylinder. According to the  gas law by Robert Boyle, the volume of a given mass of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure at constant temperature. This increase in pressure is due to the increase in the frequency of collision between the gas molecules with themselves and with the wall of their container caused by a decrease in volume of the container. As the cylinder becomes smaller, the gas molecules which were spread out further become more packed closely together, therefore, their frequency of collision increases building up pressure in the process.

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How many pounds of ice are required to absorb 4900 kJ of heat as the ice melts? The heat of fusion of water is 0.334 kJ/g.
Goshia [24]

Answer:

m = 32.34 pounds of ice.

Explanation:

In this case we need to use the following expression of heat:

q = m * ΔHf   (1)

Where:

q: heat absorbed in J or kJ

m: mass of the compound in g

ΔHf: heat of fusion of the water in kJ/g

We are asked to look for the mass of ice in pounds, so after we get the grams, we need to convert the grams to pounds, using the following conversion:

1 pound --------> 453.59 g   (2)

So, we have the heat and heat of fusion, from (1) let's solve for the mass, and then, using (2) the conversion to pounds:

q = m * ΔHf  

m =  q / ΔHf

m = 4900 / 0.334 = 14,670.66 g of ice

Now, the conversion to pounds:

m = 14,670.66 g * 1 pound/453.59 g

<h2>m = 32.34 pounds of ice.</h2>

Hope this helps  

5 0
2 years ago
A mixture containing 20 mole % butane, 35 mole % pentane and rest
notka56 [123]

Answer:

2.5 % butane, 42.2 % pentane and 55.3 % hexane

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, the mass balance for each substance is given by:

Butane:z_bF=y_bD+x_bB\\\\Pentane: z_pF=y_pD+x_pB\\\\Hexane: z_hF=y_hD+x_hB

Whereas y accounts for the fractions at the outlet distillate and x for the fractions at the outlet bottoms. Moreover, with the 90 % recovery of butane, we can write:

0.9=\frac{y_bD}{z_bF}

So we can compute the product of the molar fraction of butane at the distillate by total distillate flow by assuming a 100-mol feed:

y_bD=0.9*z_bF=0.9*0.2*100mol=18mol

The total distillate flow:

y_bD=18mol\\\\D=\frac{18mol}{0.95} =18.95mol

And the total bottoms flow:

F=D+B\\\\B=F-D=100mol-18.95mol=81.05mol

Next, by using the mass balance of butane, we compute the molar fraction of butane at the bottoms:

x_b=\frac{z_bF-y_bD}{B} =\frac{0.2*100mol-18mol}{81.05} =0.025

Then, the molar fraction of pentane and hexane:

x_p=\frac{z_pF-y_pD}{B} =\frac{0.35*100mol-0.04*18.95mol}{81.05} =0.422

x_h=\frac{z_hF-y_hD}{B} =\frac{(1-0.2-0.35)*100mol-(1-0.95-0.04)*18.95mol}{81.05} =0.553

Therefore, the molar composition of the bottom product is 2.5 % butane, 42.2 % pentane and 55.3 % hexane.

NOTE: notice the result is independent of the value of the assumed feed, it means that no matter the basis, the compositions will be the same for the same recovery of butane at the feed, only the flows will change.

Regards.

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3 years ago
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