B- Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions
The nitrogenous bases placed in between the DNA double helix strands, like rungs on a ladder, are positioned there because of the hydrophobic effect and are stabilized by hydrogen bonding. The stability of DNA also relies on the interactions between the hydrogen bonds between bases, hydrogen bonds between bases and surrounding water, and base interaction between neighboring bases.
Hydrogen bonds are able to stabilize the DNA double helix by pairing up with their complementary base pairs (guanine with cytosine and adenine with thymine)
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<span>D. a phosphate group is removed from atp to form adp
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ATP usually releases energy by breaking down the weak phosphate cell present. The energy released due to the breaking down of the phosphate cell is then utilized. The ATP is converted to ADP. Whenever a cell feels the necessity for energy it releases a phosphate to gather the energy. It is an automatic and ongoing process. The weak bond between the second and the third phosphate is always targeted for turning ATP to ADP. This is the reason ATP is considered the main energy currency for the cell.
Answer: body systems that can directly impact fluid balance includes:
b)urinary system
c)respiratory system
f)sweat glands.
The correct option is B, C and F.
Explanation:
Homeostasis is the mechanism by which the body maintains a steady ( constant) internal physical and chemical conditions. The following variables needs to be kept in equilibrium for optimal functioning of the body system. They includes: the body temperature, fluid balance, blood sugar levels. These variables are in turn controlled by one or more regulatory systems which includes;
- urinary system:when blood volume gets too low or blood electrolytes get too concentrated, the kidneys can retain water thereby decreasing urine output. When blood volume or pressure is too high, the kidneys can excrete more water thereby increasing urine output.
- sweat glands: this regulates both fluid and temperature.
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