---- *Well, since there is really no specific ecosystem that was asked about in the question, I will just list some common and basic abiotic factors found throughout most ecosystems (maybe you can match this with the ecosystem you are talking about). 
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Abiotic factors: nonliving parts of an ecosystem
Some abiotic factors include: ROCKS, SOIL, AIR, SUN, WATER, ETC.
 
        
             
        
        
        
In a cladogram the tiny indentations along the bottom line is an evolution or change and every organism after the indentation on the bottom line has it and every organism before the indentation does not
        
             
        
        
        
<span>Functional traits can be shared between organisms with divergent SSU rRNA sequences because functional traits may evolve independently, be shared through horizontal gene transfer, or be lost in divergent lineages. 
Functional traits are characteristics that define our behavior. 
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Mitosis - 48 chromosomes (diploid cells)
Meiosis - 24 chromosomes (haploid cells)
Diploid cells. Meiosis is the process of cell division by which involving gametes. Cell division is just the same for sperm and egg cells, but they have distinguishable descriptions and labels in the process. Spermatogenesis is for the males’ sperm cells and oogenesis is the process for females’ egg cells. The cell division of meiosis involves the two phases, respectively meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I like mitosis is the cell division that produces diploid cells<span>. These diploid cells are cells that contain a complete pair of chromosomes which is 46. The result is two diploid cells after the first meiosis. To provide clear explanation, in contrast haploid cells only contain 23 chromosomes and are created after meiosis II which is 4 in number.</span>
        
             
        
        
        
Explanation:
Silent mutations occur when the change of a single DNA nucleotide within a protein-coding portion of a gene does not affect the sequence of amino acids that make up the gene's protein.