Remains the same: proton pumping rate, electron transport rate, rate of oxygen uptake
Decreases or goes to zero: Rate of ATP synthesis, size of the proton gradient
<span>(Gramicidin causes membranes to become very leaky to protons, so that a proton gradient cannot be maintained and ATP synthesis stops. However, the leakiness of the membrane has no effect on the ability of electron transport to pump protons. Thus, the rates of proton pumping, electron transport, and oxygen uptake remain unchanged.)</span>
DNA microarray uses 20-40 sequence-specific oligonucleotides as probes to identify the SNP.
DNA microarray is a technique used to measure gene expression. It works on the principle of hybridization.
The genome of the reference organism is attached to a solid surface (silicon chip). The DNA of the test organism is made to hydride with the reference organism. Depending on the level of hybridization the fluorescent or the chemiluminescent is measured to identify the expression.
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is the change in the single nucleotide of the genome. SNPs can be identified with the help of DNA microarray.
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Answer:
Water is required for germination. Mature seeds are often extremely dry and need to take in significant amounts of...
Oxygen is required by the germinating seed for metabolism. Oxygen is used in aerobic respiration, the main source of the...
Temperature affects cellular metabolic and growth rates. Seeds from different species and even seeds from the same plant.
Explanation:
Answer:
Low - The generation of nitrates (NO 3-) requires oxygen, so the oxygen levels will be low
Explanation:
Nitrates are formed when the ammonia react with oxygen present in water. The oxygen which react with ammonia is not the oxygen of water molecule, it is the dissolved oxygen. This oxygen is used by aquatic animals for breathing. If nitrates are formed so the concentration of dissolved oxygen will be lowered which causes suffocation and bad impact on marine organisms and the whole ecosystem will be disturbed.
