My guess:
I do not know the options to the blanks, but I'd say that the answer to the first one is "strongly linked". Think of a chromosome as a phylogenic chart → 2 species that are beside each other are strongly linked, if compared to 2 species 3 spots apart form each other. So, 2 genes that are close to each other are strongly linked.
I do not know the options to the blanks, but I'd say the answer to the second one is epistasis → which is the interaction between two different genes (different means they're not linked alleles).
Hope it helped,
BioTeacher101
