Answer:
A strand of DNA comprises pyrimidines, that is, cytosine and thymine and purines, that is, adenine and guanine. Of these pairing takes place between thymine and adenine and guanine and cytosine. Thus, it can be said that in DNA, the amount of adenine is corresponding to thymine, and the concentration of guanine is corresponding to cytosine. Hence, the given first statement is correct.
DNA gives an appearance of a helical structure, in which each of the helices comprises approximately 10 nucleotides within them. Hence, the given second statement is also correct.
The strands of DNA found in a helical structure are complementary to each other, or it can also be stated that the nucleotides present in one strand of the DNA are found in opposite direction and orientation with respect to the second strand of the DNA. The phosphodiester bonds play an essential function in combining a molecule of sugar of one nucleotide with the molecule of phosphate of the adjacent nucleotide. Hence, the given fourth statement is also correct.
1. Enzyme is the molecule that serves to make reactions work. Enzymes are biochemical catalysts that catalyses chemical reactions in a cell by acting on substrates and convert them to products. Their rate of action increases with increase in substrate concentration, reaching optimum when all active sites of the enzyme are engaged.
2. Plastid are the tiny sacs in the cell that may contain starch. Plastid are major cell organelles found in the cells of plants and algae. Plastids are site for the manufacture and storage of important chemical compounds used by the cell. They often contain pigments used in photosynthesis, and the types of pigments present can change or determine cells color.
3. Lysosome are packets within the cell that contain digestive enzymes. Lysosomes are one of many organelles found in animal cells. they are tiny like sacs filled with enzymes that enables the cell to process nutrients. They contain digestive enzymes which helps in the digestion of worn out organelles, food particles and engulfed viruses or bacteria.
4. Mitochondrion is a structure within a cell that is responsible for production of energy. Energy in a cell is produced through a process of cellular respiration which involves use of nutrients with oxygen gas to yield energy inform of ATP, water and carbon dioxide. The process takes place in the mitochondrion where oxygen acts as proton acceptor in the electron transport chain coupled by production of energy.
5. An Organelle is a small structure that serves specialized functions. A cell is made up of various organelles that help it perform its functions. Each organelle is specialized to perform as specific function different from other organelles, for example ribosomes is an organelle involved in the manufacture of proteins.
6. Golgi apparatus are group of flattened sacs that package and export materials out of the cell. Golgi apparatus also called golgi complex or golgi body, is a membrane bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that is made up by a series of flattened, stacked pouches called cisternae. They are responsible for transporting, modifying, and packaging proteins and lipids into vesicles.
7. Vesicles are tiny sacs connected to the Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Vesicles are small structures within a cell, or extracellular, consisting of fluid enclosed by a lipid bi-layer. they form naturally during the process of secretion (exocytosis), uptake (endocytosis) and transport of materials within the cytoplasm.
Correct Question:
Anterograde movement of transition vesicles is from __________.
A. the rough ER to the trans Golgi.
B. the trans Golgi to secrete at the plasma membrane.
C. the rough ER to the cis Golgi.
D. the cis Golgi to the trans Golgi.
Answer:
C. the rough ER to the cis Golgi
Explanation:
Vesicles are small enclosed sacs located inside or outside a cell. They are formed whenever there is a need for secretion of substances or transportation of materials from one organelle to another organelle within cell. Vesicles can also be used to store nutrients or water in the cell.
We have 3 classes of vesicles and they are:
a. Lysosomes
b. Transition or transport vesicles
c. Vacuoles.
The anterograde movement of transition vesicles is from the rough Endoplasmic Reticulum to the cis Golgi apparatus.
This movement takes place when proteins are made in the ribosomes found in the Endoplasmic Reticulum. The transition vesicles now transport this proteins from the rough Endoplasmic Reticulum to the cis Golgi apparatus where they get matured before they are released into the cytoplasm.
What will happen if the world run out of water?
Do microscopic organisms needs water to survive?
How many benefits does water provide in the human body?
Answer:
Clostridium difficile is the most common bacterial infection that affects the elderly in long-term care facilities following the use of antibiotics.
Explanation:
Clostridium difficile are pathogens that affect the large intestine and cause diarrhea. The infection can become life-threatening if left unattended. The Clostridium difficile spread by touching various surfaces, food, objects, etc that have been contaminated by the feces of an infected person.
Normally humans have resistance to such bacterial pathogens and various microbes in the body compete against Clostridium difficile. But when the person has been consuming antibiotics such beneficial bacteria or competitors of Clostridium difficile are killed which allows them to attack and infect the person when they stop consuming antibiotics.
Note: Your question appears to be incomplete, but most probably it should have been “What is a bacterial infection common to older adults in hospitals or long-term care facilities, typically following the use of antibiotics that wipe out competing bacteria. It causes diarrhea and can lead to inflammation of the colon.”
Learn more about clostridium difficile here:
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