Answer:
A. Botulinum toxin possesses a heavy chain and a light chain, each of which takes part in the toxicity. The binding of the protein and its invasion within a nerve cell is permitted by the heavy chain. After the entry is permitted, the light chain functions like a protease and chops proteins, which would usually permit neurotransmitters to discharge out from the cell. This is basically a commotion of exocytosis or the discharging of neurotransmitters.
The acetylcholine, that is, the obstructed neurotransmitter generally conducts a nerve impulse to a muscle, allowing the muscle to contract. By inhibiting the neurotransmitter, the botulinum toxin results in its distinctive flaccid paralysis.
B. The small doses of the sterile, purified botulinum toxin when used in a medical setting as an injectable form prevent the release of a chemical known as acetylcholine by the nerve cells, which signal contraction of the muscles. By selectively interfering with the underlying tendency of the muscles to contract, the prevailing frown lines are smoothed out, and in the majority of the cases are almost invisible for a week.
Answer:
PLS MARK ME BRAINLIEST
Explanation:
The particles in a gas move quickly in all directions, but they do not get far before they bump into each other or the walls of their container.
Answer:
Weakening of digestive smooth muscle with age can cause constipation.
Explanation:
Smooth muscles in the digestive system have the role to move food down the tract via radially symmetrical contractions (peristalsis). With age, the function of smooth muscles reduces, causing the food to move more slowly through the alimentary canal (digestive tract). As a consequence, water gets absorbed from food waste, which can cause constipation.
Answer:
Modified apocrine sweat glands
Explanation:
The ceruminous glands are similar to sebaceous glands, belonging to the group of sweat glands. These glands secrete a sticky material, the ear wax, that protects the thin skin lining the ear canal.
As soon as a dust, dirt or an insect enters the ear canal at the beginning of the ear wax, the wax retains, wraps and pushes it outside the ear canal.
This secretion is lubricating as well as acidic, which helps to kill potentially harmful bacteria and fungi in the ears.
The electrons needed by photosystem ii originate from water.
