Answer:
a) Bond rating is done by evaluating and considering all the relevant internal as well as external factors associated with the financial status of a business.
b) Bond rating helps in analysing the risk associated with the bond by analyzing its credit quality and thus helps investors taking decisions related to their investments.
Explanation:
a) Bond-rating is the letter grading system that is used to indicate the quality of the credit-related to the bond of various organizations. Bond-rating is done by evaluating and considering all the relevant internal as well as external factors associated with the financial status of a business. Internal factors may include the financial strength of the organization. External factors may include various networks with interested investors and other government organizations and policies related to the same.
There are three important agencies that analyze the credit quality of a bond. These agencies are Standard & Poor's, Moody's, and Fitch rating Inc.
b) Bond-rating help in analyzing the risk associated with the bond by analyzing its credit quality and thus helps investors taking decisions related to their investments. It helps the investors to study the stability and quality of a bond. Hence, higher-rated bonds are considered to be more stable and appropriate for investment purposes.
Answer:
provisions / accruals
Explanation:
see above in the answer, both mean basically the same but in insurance terms accrual is more correct
Answer:
E) None of the choices are correct.
<em>18.289,26</em>
<em>As we given an option with two decimals which are different from the calculated amount we should take it as incorrect. </em>
<em></em>
Explanation:
The municipal bonds are tax free. Therfore, not included.
We will calcuatae based on 2019 income tax brackets for single-taxers
between $82,501 to $157,500 the amount is $14,089.50 + 24% of the amount over 78,950
100,000 - 82,501 = 17,499
17,499 x 24% = 4,199.76
14,089.50 + 4,199.76 =<em> 18.289,26</em>
Answer:
1. The company's profit margin is 13.4% percent.
profit margin = net income / net sales = $45,064 / $336,329 = 13.4%
2. The total asset turnover is 0.82 times.
asset turnover ratio = net sales / average assets = $336,329 / [($387,891 + $432,000)/2] = $336,329 / $409,945.50 = 0.82
3. The equity multiplier is 1.7 times.
equity multiplier = average total assets / average total equity = $409,945.50 / [($205,936 + $275,000)/2] = $409,945.50 / $240,468 = 1.70
4. Using the Du Pont Identity, the company's ROE is 18.68% percent.
ROE = profit margin x asset turnover x equity multiplier (or financial leverage) = 0.134 x 0.82 x 1.7 = 0.1868 = 18.68%
