A membrane bound nucleus (or just a nucleus in general)
A - Salinity because salinity is how much salt is in water and adding more would increase the salinity.
The material or substance on which an enzyme acts upon is known as the substrate, they are nothing but reacting molecules and or substances that are able to ultimately be converted to product substances. By the aid of biological enzymes, that lower the energy of activation needed for a chemical reaction to proceed.
Properly identifying each species.
Accurately recording his findings.
Not interfering with ecosystem while studying the birds.