when changes in a protein appear to accumulate at a constant rate over time is called option (c) i.e, Molecular clock.
<h3>What does molecular clock mean?</h3>
The term "molecular clock" refers to a method that estimates the time in prehistory when two or more life forms diverged by analyzing the mutation rate of biomolecules. Typically, nucleotide sequences for DNA, RNA, or amino acid sequences for proteins serve as the biomolecular data for these calculations.
Hedges, a biology professor at Penn State, claims that the molecular clock counts the mutations that accumulate through time in the gene sequences of various species rather than counting seconds, minutes, and hours.
Mutation and recombination, the two fundamental biological processes that give rise to all heritable variations, are the foundation of molecular clocks. Mutations are modifications to the genetic code of DNA, for as when the nucleotide Guanine (G) turns to Thymine (T).
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I think the answer is C) R I had this question and that was right for me hope this helps!
I mean, there's plenty of differences between muscle and nerve cells. For one, they serve different functions. Nerve cells react and send stimuli rapidly through action potentials, functioning in the nervous system and allowing the brain to communicate with the rest of the body, while muscle cells allow muscles to move. Another difference is the structure of the cells, with nerve cells having dendrites, axons, and neurotransmitters to assist in the firing of action potentials. You're going to have to be a little more specific, I can't really help you any more with such a broad question.
Answer:
On a simplified level, photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposite reactions of each other. In photosynthesis, solar energy is harvested as chemical energy in a process that converts water and carbon dioxide to glucose. Oxygen is released as a byproduct.
