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Dennis_Churaev [7]
2 years ago
9

Assuming complete dissociation of the solute, how many grams of KNO3 must be added to 275 mL of water to produce a solution that

freezes at −14.5 ∘C
Chemistry
1 answer:
iragen [17]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

108.43 grams KNO₃

Explanation:

To solve this problem we use the formula:

  • ΔT = Kf * b * i

Where

  • ΔT is the temperature difference (14.5 K)
  • Kf is the cryoscopic constant (1.86 K·m⁻¹)
  • b is the molality of the solution (moles KNO₃ per kg of water)
  • and<em> i</em> is the van't Hoff factor (2 for KNO₃)

We <u>solve for b</u>:

  • 14.5 K = 1.86 K·m⁻¹ * b * 2
  • b = 3.90 m

Using the given volume of water and its density (aprx. 1 g/mL) we <u>calculate the necessary moles of KNO₃</u>:

  • 275 mL water ≅ 275 g water
  • 275 g /1000 = 0.275 kg
  • moles KNO₃ = molality * kg water = 3.90 * 0.275
  • moles KNO₃ = 1.0725 moles KNO₃

Finally we <u>convert KNO₃ moles to grams</u>, using its molecular weight:

  • 1.0725 moles KNO₃ * 101.103 g/mol = 108.43 grams KNO₃
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Answer:

The true stress required = 379 MPa

Explanation:

True Stress is the ratio of the internal resistive force to the instantaneous cross-sectional area of the specimen. True Strain is the natural log to the extended length after which load applied to the original length. The cold working stress – strain curve relation is as follows,

σ(t) = K (ε(t))ⁿ, σ(t) is the true stress, ε(t) is the true strain, K is the strength coefficient and n is the strain hardening exponent

True strain is given  by

Epsilon t =㏑ (l/l₀)

Substitute㏑(l/l₀) for ε(t)

σ(t) = K(㏑(l/l₀))ⁿ

Given values l₀ = 49.7mm, l =51.7mm , n =0.2 , σ(t) =379Mpa

379 x 10⁶ = K (㏑(51.7/49.7))^0.2

K = 379 x 10⁶/(㏑(51.7/49.7))^0.2

K = 723.48 MPa

Knowing the constant value would be same as the same material is being used in the second test, we can find out the true stress using the above formula replacing the value of the constant.

σ(t) = K(㏑(l/l₀))ⁿ

l₀ = 49.7mm, l = 51.7mm, n = 0.2, K = 723.48Mpa

σ(t) = 723.48 x 106 x (㏑(51.7/49.7))^0.2

σ(t) = 379 MPa

The true stress necessary to plastically elongate the specimen is 379 MPa.

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A mixture of He and Ne at a total pressure of 0.95 atm is found to contain 0.32 mol of He and 0.56 mol of Ne. The partial pressu
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Answer:

Partial pressure of Ne is 0.61 atm.

Explanation:

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