The answers are:
1. Adrenal gland:
This structure secretes adrenaline, noradrenaline, cortisol, and aldosterone.
The adrenal gland is located above each kidney. It has two parts:
Adrenal Cortex - secretes cortisol and aldosterone.
Adrenal Medulla - secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline.
2. Pineal gland/Pineal body:
This structure regulates the sleep cycle and other biological rhythms.
The pineal gland is located in the middle of the brain. It secretes the hormone melatonin, which regulates the wake and sleep cycle.
3. Thyroid gland:
This structure is located at the throat and regulates metabolism.
The thyroid gland is found in the neck. It produces thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism. It also helps maintain blood pressure, heart rate, digestion, muscle tone and other reproductive functions.
4. Pancreas:
This structure secretes glucagon and insulin.
The pancreas is located in the abdominal cavity, behind the lower part of the stomach. It secretes glucagon and insulin to regulate the glucose level in the blood.
5. Thymus gland
<span>This structure regulates the development and differentiation of T lymphocytes.
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The thymus gland can be found in the thoracic cavity, in the mediastinum to be exact. T-lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow, but they develop in the thymus.
6. Parathyroid glands
This structure regulates blood calcium levels.
They come in two pairs and are embedded on they thyroid gland. It releases parathyroid hormone. This hormone helps regulate the calcium levels in the blood.
Answer:
The correct answer is -
1. Blending - C
2. Straining - D
3. Detergents - B
4. Meat tenderizer (protein enzymes) - E
5. Alcohol - A
Explanation:
To extract protein from various parts of the organisms there is a scientific process that helps in successfully extract it. Organisms such as plants have a rigid cell wall that is required to be broken in order to follow the scientific process of extracting DNA and protein.
Blending use to break the cell wall of the plants such as pea cells. After breaking the cell wall one needs to dissolve the cell membrane made up of lipids with the help of soap or detergents. After the dissolving cell membrane, there is a chance to DNA gets damaged by various chemicals, therefore, alcohol is used to allow DNA to form clumps or precipitate.
Straining is used to separate the cell organelle, dissolved cell membrane from DNA and protein. Papain is a meat tenderizer and a protein enzyme that cuts or breaks the protein.
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In bacteria, they play an important role in bacterial multicellularity. Cellulose and chitin are examples of structural polysaccharides. Cellulose is used in the cell walls of plants and other organisms, and is said to be the most abundant organic molecule on Earth.
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Answer:
Golgi apparatus and extracellular matrix
Explanation:
The Golgi complex lies at the heart of the secretory pathway and is responsible for modifying proteins and lipids, as well as sorting newly synthesized molecules to their correct destination. As a consequence of these important roles, any changes in its proteome can negatively affect its function and in turn lead to disease.
Disruption of specific transport steps between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi complex, endosomal-lysosomal system and the plasma membrane all can have dramatic consequences on the cell, and increasingly defects in the molecular machinery regulating membrane traffic are being linked to hereditary diseases.
Any changes to the proteome of the Golgi complex would affect its homeostasis and consequently the flux of proteins trafficking through it.
One possible consequence of mutations in Golgi complex proteins is that they cause gross changes in the morphology of the entire organelle and protein mislocalization, which together result in functional problems such as impairment of glycosylation.
Genetic studies of humans and mice continue to highlight the nonredundant mechanical role of components in complexes that anchor cells to extracellular matrices. At the same time, recent data provide exciting insights into, critical roles of transcription factors in regulating differentiation and function of matrix-producing cells.
