The last one laissez faire systems and pure commands I think
The answer is A.
Federal Laws that are against the constitution are not valid. Judges determine which laws are unconstitutional in the process of Judicial Review.
The different African colonies aren't united because of their languages, religion, and culture. Because of this, European armies are large and can easily take over the small African colonies because they don't like eachother and won't put their powers together for the greater good.
i believe the answer is option A
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filler so non brainly+ can see