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dolphi86 [110]
2 years ago
8

Indicate whether each of the following statements is true of depurination (DP), deamination (DA), or pyrimidine dimer formation

(DF). A given statement may be true of any, all, or none of these processes. This process is caused by spontaneous hydrolysis of a glycosidic bond. This process is induced by ultraviolet light. This can happen to guanine but not to cytosine. This can happen to thymine but not to adenine. This can happen to thymine but not to cytosine. Repair involves a DNA glycosylase. Repair involves an endonuclease. Repair involves DNA ligase. Repair depends on the existence of separate copies of the genetic information in the two strands of the double helix. Repair depends on cleavage of both strands of the double helix.
Biology
1 answer:
solniwko [45]2 years ago
8 0

Answer:

- This process is caused by spontaneous hydrolysis of a glycosidic bond: depurination and deamination

- This process is induced by ultraviolet light:  pyrimidine dimer formation

- This can happen to guanine but not to cytosine: depurination

- This can happen to thymine but not to adenine:  pyrimidine dimer formation

- This can happen to thymine but not to cytosine: none

- Repair involves a DNA glycosylase: deamination

- Repair involves an endonuclease: depurination, deamination and  pyrimidine dimer formation

- Repair involves DNA ligase: depurination, deamination and  pyrimidine dimer formation

-  Repair depends on the existence of separate copies of the genetic information in the two strands of the double helix: depurination, deamination and  pyrimidine dimer formation

- Repair depends on cleavage of both strands of the double helix: none

Explanation:

Depurination is the loss of purine bases (either adenine or guanine), while deamination refers to the removal of an amino group. During depurination, a β-N-glycosidic bond is cleaved by hydrolysis and a nucleic base is released (either adenine or guanine). All DNA bases may undergo deamination, except thymine (since thymine does not have an amino group). The ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause thymine or cytosine to form dimers (e.g., pyrimidine dimers), being thymine dimers the most common lesion when DNA is exposed to UV light. Pyrimidine dimers may be repaired by different excision mechanisms, e.g., nucleotide excision repair, where the recognition of the DNA damage leads to the removal of the DNA fragment containing the lesion. DNA glycosylases are enzymes involved in the mechanism of base excision, these enzymes recognize and remove damaged bases by hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond, producing an abasic (apurinic and apyrimidinic) site. A DNA ligase enzyme covalently joins two DNA molecules by forming a phosphodiester bond, which is required during these processes.

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forsale [732]

Answer:

13 - D

14 - D

15 - C

Explanation:

for 13

A molecule is two or more atoms chemically combined

An example would be carbon dioxide which contains the two atoms, carbon and oxygen

Reasons its not the other answers:

Electrons, Protons and Neutrons are all parts of an atom therefore they cannot be classified as molecules.

For 14

Remember an atom is the most basic unit out of the units we are talking about

The answer would be D

Reasons its not the other answers

Water is considered to be a molecules as it contains two or more atoms (hydrogen and oxygen)

Air is considered to be a mixture as it contains oxygen and nitrogen which can be separated

Salt is considered to be a compound because salt is made up of two atoms (chloride and sodium) in which they are held up by an ionic bond

For 15

The answer would be C (III only)

Carbon hydrogen and oxygen all happen to by atoms

Reasons its not other answer choices:

Like stated previously water is considered to be a molecule therefore we can eliminate the other answer choices

Other notes:

Compounds and molecules both are combinations of two or more atoms however they are not to be mixed together

the main difference between compounds and molecules is how they are held together

Compounds are held together by ionic bonds while molecules are help up by covalent bonds

compounds and molecules  are made up of atoms that cannot be separated

Mixtures - A mix of two or more substances that can be separated

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