Answer:
When a pathogens cross non-specific barriers (skin) they disturb the homeostasis of the body. however inside body they are confronted by different types of white blood cells which are responsible for bringing homeostasis again in the body. these are described below.
Role of macrophages in maintaining homeostasis
Macrophages are white blood cells (phagocytes) constantly patrolling in the body and destroy other cells by engulfing and ingesting them through the process of phagocytosis. These are produced in bone marrow cells as monocytes which have short life of only 10-20 hours. Once monocytes leave the blood they become macrophages. From bone marrow to the blood, macrophages are transported to the area of the body where they are needed. Macrophages engulf the whole body, after digesting particles (bacteria) can extrude the residual particles. Thus, provide protection by trapping and destroying microorganisms entering the tissue. They also secrete different proteins. Some of these proteins trigger the maturation of monocytes into macrophages, thereby increasing their numbers. Another protein interleukin-1 signals the brain to raise the body temperature, producing fever. The higher temperature aids the immune response and inhibit the growth of invading microorganisms.
Role of natural killer cells in maintaining homeostasis
They are another class of white blood cells that don’t directly attack invading microbes. Instead they strike at the body’s own cells that have been invaded by viruses. Virus infected proteins bear viral proteins on their surfaces. Natural killer cells recognize and kill cancerous cells. They secrete proteins into plasma membrane of the infected or cancerous cells. They also secrete enzymes that break up some of the molecules of the target cells, as a result the target cell soon dies.
Hi
Before answering this question, we need to understand first that what a mutation is. <em>A mutation basically is a change in the DNA or genetic sequence of an organism that can significantly affect or not affect the function of a specific gene in organism. </em>
Now coming towards the question, yes ofcourse it is possible that a Norwar rats population carries a different genetic mutation than a population os same rats in Africa or any other region, Why? Because sometimes environmental factors of a certain area can cause the population of a region to undergo mutation (For example harsh UV rays) and the other population donot contains that mutation. This will cause a slight change in the genetic makeup of the population of rats of Norther America. However, if the changes in genetic makeup continues to happen in North American Norway rats, a time will come when they will be genetically very different from same rats in Africa and in this way they will become a separate or different specie, this phenomenon is called speciation.
Hope it helps!
Diffusion? are you asking what its called?
The correct answer is B. Modern technology allowed for larger expanses of land to become cultivated, so farming took over many natural areas that were important for wildlife.
Explanation:
In the last decades, the creation of agricultural technology has increased the efficiency of growing crops. This means now, all the process is more efficient, which leads to more products to be sold and an increase in profit. However, the possibility of large scale agriculture has caused more land is used for this purpose. This often implies natural ecosystems such as forests are destroyed and the land of these ecosystems, which is usually rich in minerals, is used for extensive agriculture. This is a negative consequence of agricultural technology as natural areas important for wildlife are taken for human profit.
