Answer: The correct answer is : Citizens can bring civil suits under the Alien Tort Claims Act.
Explanation: Alien Tort Claims Act (ATCA), also known as Alien Tort Statute is a Judicial Act of 1789, which it grants to the federal courts of the United States the original jurisdiction over any civil action brought by a foreigner for a tort in violation of international law or a treaty of the United States.
The phenomenon is a manifestation of diffusion of responsibility. The diffusion of responsibility is when there is a presence of others and there are consequences or events that has occured, a person involved or present around the area would likely take responsibility. It is a way of a person would think that other people around the area would be the one to take the responsibility or help the people involved or in need that the person who thinks that way won't likely want to be involved.