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<h2>Maternal effect</h2>
Explanation:
In maternal effect the phenotype of the progeny is decided by the genotype of the mother
- The female partner is one step ahead to her male partner
- The ovum transcribes some of its nuclear genes prior to fertilization and these genes are responsible for the development of embryo that is why these genes are called maternal effect genes
- This effect is observed in Drosophila
In the given question both male and female have brown eyes with Nn genotype,phenotype of the offspring will be decided by the genotype of mother(Nn) hence despite of having recessive genotype(nn) all the offsprings will show brown eyes
Answer and Explanation:
a. The enes are responsible for expressing the characteristics of an individual. However, genes responsible for the same trait have different alleles, which make these traits different from each other, as is the case with chickpea flowers. Alleles can be h0m0zygous dominant (AA), recessive h0m0zygous (aa) or heterozygous (Aa), in short, dominant alleles are expressed in capital letters and are always expressed by the organism, so the alleles with greater proportions within an intersection, since they can be expressed in h0m0zygous and heterozygosis. Recessive alleles, however, can only be expressed in h0m0zygous and therefore have a smaller proportion.
B. Chickpeas have a type of dominance called incomplete dominance. This type of dominance occurs when the dominant alleles (AA) do not suppress the expression of the recessive genotype (aa), but joins the one showing an intermediate phenotype to the phenotype of the two alleles. This recessive phenotype can be seen in the heterozygous allele (Aa). Thus, we can see that the dominant flowers have AA alleles and have a white phenotype, while recessive flowers have aa alleles and have a blue phenotype, as explained in the question above. The crossing between these two plants generates an offspring where all the flowers present the pink phenotype, which is the intermediate phenotype between blue and white, in addition, this crossing generated an offspring that presents the Aa phenotype. You can also see this variety of colors at the crossing of the F2 generation, where most plants have the intermediate phenotype (Aa), followed by the dominant phenotype (AA) and followed by the recessive phenotype (aa). All crossings can be seen in attachments.
c. To test the hypothesis of one or more genes responsible for these characteristics, we would have to do biochemical and molecular tests. For that, it would be necessary to make a DNA extraction from the plant, PCR reactions and the isolation of one or more genes related to the color of the flowers.
