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Replicates can be used to measure variation in the experiment so that statistical tests can be applied to evaluate differences. Averaging across replicates increases the precision of gene expression measurements and allows smaller changes to be detected.
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Answer:
This is called wind shear, and it can induce a spinning movement in the air. At first this creates a spinning cylinder of air that is parallel to the surface. But as with any thunderstorm, the convective cells in a hurricane create strong updrafts. These can tilt the spinning air upright; a tornado is born.
Neurotransmitters can affect postsynaptic cells by causing molecular changes in the cells.
The term "chemical messengers of the body" is frequently used to describe neurotransmitters. The nervous system uses these molecules to send information between neurons or from neurons to muscles. A neurotransmitter influences a neuron in one of three ways: excitatory, inhibitory or modulatory.
When a stimulus is potent enough, the chemical messenger neurotransmitter is transferred into the nerve impulse. If it is powerful enough, it will reach the postsynaptic cell and affect the structure of the neuron. And when signal transduction happens, everything mentioned above is completed.
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