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Linkage may be defined as the transmission of chromosome to the next generation that are located on same chromosome. Linkage results in the formation of recombination progeny.
PDS (parental ditypes) and non parental diypes can be used to find linkage in the Neurospora and other organism Parental ditypes has the genotype same as parental genotype whereas non parental ditypes contains recombinant progeny. If the ratio and arrangement of PDS and NPDs is 2:4:2 or 2:2:2:2. This means linkage is present between the gene and centromere of an organism.
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The biological or chemical change in the quality of water due to the presence of contaminants in water is called water pollution. Most of this contamination as on date is due to various human activities. In fact, humans are responsible for the mass deaths of whales and other aquatic organisms often swept ashore at different beaches in the world. There is an urgent need to look into the measures to control water pollution although a lot many efforts and schemes have already been announced by the Government in this regard. To make the students aware of this we have prepared short and long essays for students which shall inform them about water pollution and the means to minimise it.
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a seasonal prevailing wind in the region of South and Southeast Asia, blowing from the southwest between May and September and bringing rain (the wet monsoon ), or from the northeast between October and April (the dry monsoon ).
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Statement C is the only one that is necessarily true for exons 2 and 3. It is also true for exons 7 and 8. While statements A and B could be true, they don’thave to be. Because the protein sequence is the same in segments of the mRNA that correspond to exons 1 and 10, neither choice of alternative exons (2 versus 3, or 7 versus 8) can alter the reading frame. To maintain the normal reading frame—whatever that is—the alternative exons must have a number of nucleotides that when divided by 3 (the number of nucleotides in a codon) give the same remainder. Since the sequence of the a-tropomyosin gene is known, it is possible to check to see the actual state of affairs. Exons 2 and 3 both contain the same number of nucleotides, 126, which is divisible by 3 with no remainder.
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Evolution reflects the adaptations of organisms to their changing environments and can result in altered genes, novel traits, and new species. Evolutionary processes depend on both changes in genetic variability and changes in allele frequencies over time.
