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<h3>Biologists study humans, plants, animals, and the environments in which they live. They may conduct their studies--human medical research, plant research, animal research, environmental system research--at the cellular level or the ecosystem level or anywhere in between.</h3>
The method of virus transmission which results in a greater spread of disease is through airborne transmission
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Most types of cancer are believed to begin with a random genetic mutation. This is followed by mutations, which endow the cancer cells with properties allowing them to grow without normal controls to become a tumor.
Mutation is any change in the DNA sequence of a cell. Mutations may be caused by mistakes during cell division, or they may be caused by exposure to DNA-damaging agents in the environment.
Genetic Mutations that lead to cancer cell formation can occur in two forms:
1. GROWTH-PROMOTING GENES are commonly mutated in cancer cells, becoming SUPER-ACTIVE and producing cells that are too strongly stimulated by growth receptors.
2. Mutations can INACTIVATE the genes that suppress cell proliferation or those that signal the need for apoptosis. These genes are known as TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES.
