A scientific theory is an explanation of an aspect of the natural world that can be repeatedly tested and verified in accordance with the scientific method, using accepted protocols of observation, measurement, and evaluation of results. Where possible, theories are tested under controlled conditions in an experiment.
Answer:
Meiosis involves two cell divisions
Explanation:
Mitosis and meiosis are two kinds of cell divisions and one of the main differences between the two is that meiosis goes through <u>2 nuclear divisions</u>.
Meiosis has Meiosis I and Meiosis II division. In Meiosis I, the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells are only half of the parent cells. This is why it is called a reduction division, because the chromosomes will be reduced by half. In Meiosis II, the daughter cells will have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cells, which in this case is the daughter cells of meiosis I.
2 chains and 4 nucleotides
Infection occurs when viruses, bacteria, or other microbes enter your body and begin to multiply. Disease occurs when the cells in your body are damaged as a result of infection and signs and symptoms of an illness appear. Pathogenic microbes challenge the immune system in many ways.The adaptive immune system ( antigens) reacts specifically to pathogens (germs). It is able to recognize attacking pathogens and fights against certain antigens or foreign substances. The next time a known antigen is encountered, the adaptive immune system can respond faster.
Mitochondria transfer chemical energy from food to ATP; chloroplasts transform light energy into the chemical energy of ATP.
<span>Mitochondria and chloroplasts are capable for converting chemical energy<span> from food (or light) in the cell to energy in a form usable to that cell (ATP).</span></span>
<span>High-energy electrons which are produced during the oxidation of food molecules (or from the action of sunlight in case of chloroplast) are transferred through the electron transport chain located in the inner membrane of mitochondria. These electron transfers release energy that is used to pump H+ and thus generate an electrochemical proton gradient. H+ moves down its electrochemical gradient through a protein called ATP synthase permitting the proton gradient to drive the production of ATP.</span>
