In 1914, Japan controlled the Japanese Archipelago, the Korean peninsula, and the island of Taiwan. It also had control over the southern half of the Sakhalin Peninsula.
Japan's presence in mainland territory of Asia allowed it to extract raw materials and labor power from this places, to trade more easily with the surrounding areas, and these areas also served it as a base for further territorial expansion, which the country would engage in in the following two decades and until World War II.
The Committee of Public Safety succeeded the previous Committee of General Defence (established in January 1793) and assumed its role of protecting the newly established republic against foreign attacks and internal rebellion.
John Calvin created the modern democracy. For example the US, the people get to vote for who they want for their leader and the person with the majority of the votes wins.