Answer:
Conduction directly affects air temperature only a few centimeters into the atmosphere. During the day, sunlight heats the ground, which in turn heats the air directly above it via conduction. At night, the ground cools and the heat flows from the warmer air directly above to the cooler ground via conduction.
Explanation:
Answer:

Explanation:
According to the boiling point elevation law described by the equation
, the increase in boiling point is directly proportional to the van 't Hoff factor.
The van 't Hoff factor for nonelectrolytes is 1, while for ionic substances, it is equal to the number of moles of ions produced when 1 mole of salt dissolves.
would produce 2 moles of ions per 1 mole of dissolved substance, sodium and bromide ions.
is insoluble in water, so it would barely dissociate and wouldn't practically change the boiling point.
would dissociate into 3 moles of ions per 1 mole of substance, two potassium cations and one sulfide anion.
is a gas, it would form some amount of carbonic acid when dissolved, however, carbonic acid is molecular and would yield i value of i = 1.
Therefore, potassium sulfide would raise a liquid's boiling point the most if all concentrations are equal.
Explanation:
atomic hydrogen torch utilizes an electric arc whereby two closely - but not touching electrodes - result in the release of powerful electric spark as the current tries to flow through the gap. The gap is filled with hydrogen gas in an atomic hydrogen torch rather than air. The electric arch is split the hydrogen gas molecules into hydrogen atoms (some in plasma form). When the hydrogen atoms land on cooler objects like the metal being welded or cut, they region back to H₂ molecules releasing enormous amounts of heat on the surface. Surface temperatures can reach 4000 °C. The use of hydrogen gas protects the metal being welded from oxidation. Oxidation may compromise the quality of the weld.
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there are valence electrons 3 in group 10.
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