Answer:
Oncogenes.
Explanation:
Cancer is the harmful disease that causes several death in the world. Cancer occur due to the mutation in the genes that are responsible for the regulation of apoptosis and cell divisions.
The virus are also oncogenic in nature and can cause several different type of cancer. The human papilloma virus can be transmitted from the skin contact. The virus cause cervical cancer and genital warts. The integration of this virus into host genome increases the expression of viral oncogenes in the host DNA.
Thus, the answer is oncogenes.
People who have leukemia, a cancer that affects white blood cells, are often given Cytrabine. This drug inhibits the synthesis of DNA.
S-phase of cell cycle is most affected by Cytrabine because cytrabine interfers with synthesis of DNA and we know that in S-phase of cell cycle synthesis of DNA takes place.
They are called
a. sunspots
Answer:
Answer is option A.
Vestigial features are fully developed and functional in one group of organisms but reduced and function less in a similar group.
Explanation:
- Vestigial structures are anatomical features such as cells, tissues or organs in an organism that are previously functional and performed some important functions in the organism but no longer serve any functions in the current form of the organism and become useless as a result of a large evolutionary change. Examples include the coccyx or the tailbone in humans, the pelvic bone of a snake, wisdom teeth in humans, nipples in human males, the wings of flightless birds such as kiwi, ostrich, etc.
- Homologous features are the features that are similar in different organisms having similar embryonic origin and development and are inherited from a common ancestor that also had that feature. Also, they might have different functions. An example is the presence of four limbs in tetrapods such as crocodiles, birds, etc.
- Analogous features are the features that are superficially similar in different organisms but had separate evolutionary origins i.e., different in origin, but similar in function. An example includes the wings on a fly, a moth, and a bird where the wings were developed independently as adaptations to perform the common function of flying.
- Polygenic features are the traits or features that are controlled by multiple genes that are located on the same or different chromosomes and are also affected by the environment. These features do not follow Mendel’s pattern of inheritance and are represented as a range of continuous variation. Examples of polygenic traits or features include skin color, height, hair color, eye color, etc. For example, there is wide variation in the human skin color (from light to dark) and height (short or tall or somewhere in between).
- Sympatry describes a species or a population that inhabit the same geographic region at the same time. In sympatric speciation, new species are evolved from a surviving ancestral species while both the species inhabit the same place at the same time i.e., in a single population, reproductive isolation occurs without geographic isolation.
Answer:
Fungi
Explanation:
Fungi is a eukaryotic organism that is re-evaluating its position in the tree of life.
Fungi are closely related to the animal kingdom in comparison to the plant kingdom. Because of the presence of the chitin in their cell walls, fungi is different from plant, bacteria, and protists. But fungi have cell wall while animal cells do not contain cell wall, so not classified as animals.
So, fungi is re-evaluating its position in the tree of life and in present there is a individual kingdom for fungi.
