Muscle contraction happens only when the energy molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is present
Nucleotide is a combination of a sugar, nitrogen base and phosphate groupment
The conditioned reinforcers known as tokens can be accumulated and traded for different reinforcers.
Any two suitable examples, such as a compliment, an invitation to dinner, the presence of a loved one, or a warm greeting are all suitable examples. These are all conditioned reinforcers since they are connected to stronger reinforcers. They cannot be accumulated and swapped for different backup reinforcers, hence they cannot be considered tokens.
What is backup reinforcer?
Backup reinforce is a reinforcer that serves as the foundation for a conditioned reinforcer. It is a reinforcer in a token system for which tokens can be traded in order to keep their reinforcing properties. For instance, poker chips can be converted into cash at the conclusion of a game of poker. The money serves as a secondary reinforcer in this situation. It is allowed to use any two relevant examples.
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Birds and reptiles lay amniotic eggs. They consist of a shell, embryonic membranes, and the embryo.
Scientist can look at DNA sequences to determine if they are related, A scientist named Darwin proved that all species are related and descended from one common ancestor.
