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worty [1.4K]
3 years ago
13

Por que las hojas de la lechuga se ponen turgentes al dejarla en agua y luego al preparar la ensalda se arruga

Biology
1 answer:
zimovet [89]3 years ago
4 0

Answer: Las células de la lechuga son hipertónicas al agua fresca (el agua entra en las células y se hinchan) pero hipotónicas a una solución salina (el agua sale de la célula y se arruga)

Explanation:

La lechuga (<em>Lactuca sativa</em>) es una planta de la familia <em>Asteraceae, </em>que se cultiva sobre todo como verdura de hoja para su consumo, aunque también se utilizan las semillas y el tallo. La lechuga se utiliza especialmente para las ensaladas, aunque también se ve en otros tipos de comida, como sopas o sándwiches.

Cuando la hoja de lechuga se deja en agua, dicha agua entra en las células mediante ósmosis, el cual es es un mecanismo de difusión pasiva en donde el agua se transporta a través de una membrana semipermeable yendo desde la región de mayor concentración al de menor concentración.  Cuando se coloca una célula vegetal (en este caso de lechuga pero puede ser de cualquier vegetal) en una solución hipotónica, <u>el agua se desplazará hacia las células vegetales y éstas se hincharán</u>. Esto se debe a que una solución hipotónica es una solución que tiene una menor concentración de solutos en comparación con otra solución en el interior de la célula.

En el caso en el que se prepara una ensalada, las hojas de lechuga se arrugan porque al agregar sal, <u>el medio se convierte en hipertónico y a través de ósmosis, el agua saldrá del interior de la célula y por ello, se arrugan</u>. Hipertónico significa que el entorno exterior a la célula tiene una mayor concentración de solutos que la propia célula.  Además, las células de la lechuga están cubiertas por una capa impermeable y esto evita que el agua salga de la célula al medio exterior y que la sal entre desde ese medio.

Entonces, las células de la lechuga son hipertónicas al agua fresca pero hipotónicas a una solución salina (agua con sal).

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