Answer: 3. Ideological divisions
Explanation:
In the late nineteenth century, people were basically divided among the two strongest contending parties which are the Democratic and Republican parties.
The masses were strongly involved in the political affairs leading to large voters turnout. Some political analysts attribute the passion with which people supported their political affiliations to cultural inclinations.
Chief Justice John Marshall
In 1854, the controversial Kansas-Nebraska Act, split two
existing political parties the Whig party and Jacksonian Democrats and led to
the creation of the Republican party. Kansas-Nebraska act overturned the Missouri
compromise and allowed settlers to decide whether slavery would be allowed in
their state. This led to the creation of the Republican party founded by anti-slavers
whose primary objective was fighting slavery.
Such as in the case of Tsarist Russia in the earliest 20th century, absolute power can lead to much cynicism towards the autocratic leader, in which he/she is seen as the centre of blame for all social, political, and economic circumstances. this can lead to uprisings, strikes and revolutions where the masses rise up against their sole leader
