Answer:
A graceful loser is a person that takes a loss "on the chin" and does not act bitter, but instead congratulates the winner in a non-malicious manner.
For example, if a player loses a tennis match and is quite happy to go across the court to shake the hands of his opponents, wish him well and walk away, then he is a graceful loser.
On the other hand, a person who loses in a less than dignified manner is a person that throws tantrums, complains, or rejects the result of a match because he feels he was treated unfairly or his opponent did not deserve the win.
An example is a tennis player attacking the umpire, shouting and rejecting the outcome because he feels some of the umpire's calls were wrong and his opponent was lucky to win
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A beneficial human advancement is the insertion of a foreign gene into the DNA and being able to alter it, which can lead to both insect and disease-resistent crops which would lead to a higher yield of crops. This can be seen as the care of many genetic disorders. However, it is widely criticized due to ethical concerns and the capability to produce designer babies.