Answer:
2 molecules of ATP
Explanation:
Glycolysis is the anaerobic process (no oxygen required) used in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy. It occurs in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It is the first step of cellular respiration.
Glycolysis is subdivided into two phases: the first phase uses energy (ATP), while the second phase produces it together with pyruvate and NADH.
Two molecules of ATP are required for the first stage of glycolysis, while 4 ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules are formed in the second stage.
<u>Answer</u>: Sperm cell
<u>Explanation</u>:
Amongst all the 4 options given, only the Sperm cell is a gamete (sex cell) while all the three are somatic cells.
- A <em>somatic</em> cell is the one which forms the body of an organism and contains all the genetic information.
- A <em>gamete</em> is the one which is required for the purpose of fertilization. A gamete of male fuses with the gamete of female in a process called fertilization to form a zygote to give rise to a new individual.
- A Sperm cell is basically a <em>male gamete.</em> It contains only half the amount of genetic information as the other half is contributed by the female gamete.
- This difference in the amount of genetic information arises due to the type of cell division that occurs. The somatic cells undergo mitosis whereas a gamete requires meiosis to occur for its formation.
- During mitosis there is a single round of cell division which divides the parent cell into two daughter cells each with the <em>complete genetic information</em>.
- During meiosis the cell undergoes two rounds of cell division such that a total lf 4 cells are produced each <em>with half the amount of genetic material </em>as present in the parent cell.
Since, <em>sperm is a male gamete and is formed by meiosis it contains only half the genetic information as compared to the other cells.</em>
Answer:
1) Skull and Vertebral column
2) Meninges
3) Cerebrospinal fluid.
Explanation:
Central Nervous system:
CNS is the abbreviation of Central Nervous system. CNS controls the whole body functions so it is the most important component of the body. CNS consist of two parts 1) Brain and 2) Spinal cord
Both of these organs are very important and hence need to be protected. Nature provided these organs with certain protective mechanisms these includes
1) Skull and Vertebral column:
Skull is present around brain and vertebral column is present around spinal cord. These structure provides mechanical support to soft parts of CNS.
2) Meninges:
These are the membranes that provide antiseptic environment to the brain and hence protect it from microbes and other harmful substances.
3) Cerebrospinal fluid:
This fluid is present inside meninges which nourishes the brain and protect it from mechanical stresses.
