He served as the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1922 until his death in 1953. In the years following the death of Vladimir Lenin, he rose to become dictator of the Soviet Union, using a combination of manipulation and terror to destroy his opposition.
Sales tax is a tax on retail purchases. It is used to pay for state and local budget items like schools
In general, sales taxes take a percentage of the price of goods sold. For example, a state might have a 4% sales tax, a county 2%, and a city 1.5%, so that residents of that city pay 7.5% total.
The two superpowers, the US and the Soviet Union had the motives of mainly maintaining their hegemony in as many parts of the world as possible with the Soviet Union doing so in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, SE Asia and Africa to some extent and the US in Western Europe, most of Latin America with the exception of Cuba and the Middle East., SE Asia and Africa. Also, they ar had economic interests in some of these different areas such as the US for the rich minerals and oil in Latin America.
Feudal aid was a financial duty in which vassals would be ready to assist their lord monetarily such as in giving ransom money in time of need. This was a practice that was widespread in Europe (such as England, France, and Germany) during the Middle Ages.
A standing army is a group of soldiers ready to do battle. This army is permanent (even in times of peace), always ready to fight and the soldiers are often professional trained. This is contrary to a reserve or temporary army, which is only active during a war and is disbanded when the threat of war is over.
King John (24 December 1166 - 19 October 1216) ruled England in the 1200's, from 1199 until his death in 1216 to be precise.
A homage was a ceremony where men become vassals in a lord's manor. It was a medieval oath of allegiance in which a feudal vassal pledged reverence and submission to his feudal lord.
Knights were able-bodied men who are hired by the vassal for the protection of the lord. In Europe, knights were mostly mounted warriors. Most of the knights descended from some kind of nobility because the equipment (like an armor and a horse) were very expensive.
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The Napoleonic Code is also called the "French Civil Code of 1804" defined the concept of equality before the law and also secured the right to property. This code abolished the feudal system and freed peasants from serfdom and manorial dues as well as improvement in the Transport and communication systems.
