Answer:
Basically by using direct-action, it forces the other party to negotiate in some way, due to it being so crisis-packed.
I think it is the Microscope. Robert Hooke was a scientist who came up with the law of elasticity, the Hooke's law as well his pioneering work using the microscope to document observations of a variety of samples in his book. Hook published a book Micrographia, an accurate and detailed record of his observations through his microscope.
Answer:
Rome and 395 AD
Explanation:
Those are it im pretty sure!